REFERENCES

Abdullah Mohamed. Lambang - lambang batik tradisi. Kertas kerja Bengkel Batik Tradisi, Universiti Malaya, 22-26 Januari 2011

NA. (1997-2014). Batik, the Traditional Fabric of Indonesia. Retrieved from Living in 

Indonesia: www.expat.or.id/info/batik.html

Runckel, A. (2010). The History and Technique of Batik. Retrieved from Indonesian Batik: 

www.asia-art.net/indonesian_batik.html

RECOMMENDATION

As a conclusion, batik is a unique in term of the process where it using wax technique and color but it can be boiled without discoloration. I hope this information can give awareness to the youngster about the existing batik in this era. Furthermore, I hope that all the designer can make changes towards batik in term of the motif because nowadays is modern style. They also can make a variety of batik painting in future follow the time flow. Last but not least, to make children love batik and know the history about it, ministry of education should add some syllabus of batik in secondary school and primary school for art subject. Where at least they can adapt something from learn it. 

BATIK PROCESS

1. The fabric lay on a board that has been provided. Then, pull end to end for the stretch fabric to facilitate the next process which is a sketch.

Lay the fabric on the board

2. Fabric design by sketching using pencil. The sketch is free and depends on designer what type of motif they want to used.

Pencil for sketch

 3. Once the fabric is finished drawn, using Canting filled with wax, design made ​​just coated / follow the sketch. the intended use of wax here is that when given color on fabric, using the wax-painted parts will not be affected

Canting and wax

4. Empty surface need to fill with a dye or colors. The color that has been choose is free.

Color the surface

5. Finished color the surface, next Batik need to be dry and minimum is 24hours. 

Drying the Batik

6. For batik sold or commercialized, when batik is dried and then boiled in hot water for a few weeks this is to remove candle wax until the paper was written earlier can be seen more clearly.

How to take care of Batik fabric?

Batik is require easy care. For the first dry batik, encouraged to use dry cleaning method with less cost and only RM10 for a pair. The aim to use dry cleaning is to keep the shining of the batik. Batik can be washed away but wash separately with other dry and must be dried in the shade and not exposed to the sun to keep the quality of batik. Lastly, use a spray softener on batik is good to practice. 

MOTIF BATIK

Generally, has five type of motif batik that usually used in produced the batik. Firstly, the common motif which is flora. As we all known flora is a common motif that we always see in the market. This is because mostly of the user is women and flora very suitable with women. For instance, flower memories, Cempaka, Adrienne leave, taro leaves and the bamboo shoots typically head motif on batik sarong. 

Adrienne leaves

Taro leaves

Next is motif fauna which contain birds, chicken, snails, butterfly and many more. This motif is rarely used because for certain occasion they need motif fauna. The third is motif geometry like latticework, ceplok, machetes damaged and the double spiral. As for motif thing, it contain kites, shadow puppets and ets. The last one is motif abstract that very popular among the corporate level.

BATIK WRITING

Batik Writing commercial production in Malaysia began around 1960 and peaked in the early of 1990s. This production no longer focused on Kelantan and Terengganu like Batik Block. But its expanded to cities at Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Malacca, Pekan in Pahang, Johor Bahru, and Sabah.


Batik Writing made using canting. Canting is a small copper container for hot liquid wax to hold it and have a small channel that produces liquid wax. Canting fill of hot wax and drawn through the end of canting channel on the fabric. Next, cloth was dyed canting, dried and boiled off color before drying to remove wax again. 








There are five type of canting in Batik Writing which is canting bird, canting shoes, canting pot, and canting ball wide eyes.

TRADITIONAL HANDMADE CRAFT FAMOUS IN MALAYSIA

BATIK BLOCK

Batik Block as known as apply is one of the traditional handmade craft in Malaysia. It produced through the process of applying wax and colors. Batik in Kelantan and Terengganu is a pioneer in the development of the country. The high quality of the local batik creation it represent the handiwork of local communities. 

In Malaysia, Batik Block is the first technique that introduced. In early of the development, process of making batik Block is using carved wooden mold nest by the incorporation of a dye black and early technique known as die hitam. Batik Block is an adaption of the natural elements which mostly based on the flora and fauna.

TYPE OF INDONESIAN BATIK STYLE

BATIK KRATON

Batik Kraton is originally from fully developed type of Batik in Indonesia. The motif of Batik Kraton contains the meaning of life philosophy. This is because, this Batik is made by some princess palace as well as expertise of Batik who live in the palace. Moreover, these motif is forbidden to be used by "ordinary" like Parang Barong Batik, Batik Parang, and Batik Udan.

Batik Kraton

BATIK CUWIRI

Batik Cuwiri is a motif that using natural dyes. Cuwiri has a meaning small and desirable for its worth and respected. Batik Cuwiri generally used semekan and a tank top which using at the time of the ceremony Mitoni. Normally it using the element of Meru and Ayres.

Batik Cuwiri

BATIK PRINGGONDANI

Batik Pringgondani comes from the name of Kesatriyan Werkudara son of Ghatotkacha home. This motif is generally performed in some dark colors like blue indigo, Soga brown and full of tiny tendrils interspersed with dragons.

Batik Pringgondani

BATIK SEGAR JAGAT

This is one in typical Indonesian Batik motif where the motif contains the meaning of beauty and beauty to the others who see it will be amazed. They also assume behold Sekar Jagat real motif comes from the word "kar universe" in the capture of idioms Java. 

Batik Segar Jagat

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BATIK MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA

HISTORY

Malaysia - Industrial in Kelantan batik only began early in 1911 and focused on the East Cost only.

Indonesia - Has started since 12th century

MOTIF AND PATTERNS

Malaysia - Malaysian more preferred to floral motif compared with geometric motif and fauna.Moreover, fauna are limited to insect, birds and , marine life. As for figurative motif also allowed and less using isen motif.

Indonesia - The elements motif is not limited, filling / isen is a popular among Indonesian.

EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

Malaysia - Using one eye of canting and banners to canting

Indonesia -  Using canting with various of point and a process is sitting while canting by placing fabric on the palms

Functions

Malaysia - The use of clothing and jewellery

Indonesia - Uses adapt the wedding ceremony

Color

Malaysia - Using dye import

Indonesia - Natural dyes is used in addition to the dye.

WHAT MAKE BATIK SO UNIQUE

The process. This is the best answer to describe what make Batik so unique. Batik is crafted fabric which need to undergo the delicate and repeated process of waxing, dyeing and boiling. As for the traditional batik, it is synonymous with silk or cotton.the re-introduction of natural dyes and technique has expended the scope which include fabrics like chiffon, velvet, georgette, cheesecloth and voile. Furthermore, batik painting is the most commonly used fabrics like cotton and silk.

In addition, wax is used as a color blocking in the coloring process. In each part of the fabric that remain untouched by a certain color has to be covered with a wax.

The other sub-processes is :

⦿     Preparing the cloth

⦿     Tracing the designs

⦿     Stretching the cloth on the frame

⦿     Waxing the area of the cloth that does not need dyeing

⦿     Preparing the dye

⦿     Dipping the cloth in dye

⦿     Boiling the cloth to remove wax

⦿     Washing the cloth in soap

The more color a batik has, the more times it has been through the process of applying wax, dyeing, and drying, then remove the wax. Batik cloth also can made into garments, painting, scraves, bags, table-cloth, bedspreads, curtains, and the other decorative items. 

BATIK HISTORY

HISTORY

Batik become more popular right now even not everybody will choose batik design as their favorite choice but it still need in government sector and somehow dinner night where they are using batik theme. For the information, batik true origin is still mystery. This is because, there is a lot of batik history. Where some said batik is from Indonesia and certain said from Malaysia. It is a very old form of art, as evidence of clearly batik has been found in the Middle East, Egypt, Peru, Japan, East Turkistan, Europe and Central Asia which is India and China as far back as 2000 years ago. But, batik has reached the highest artistic expression in South East Asia which particularly in Indonesia and Malaysia. Batik has found in certain country but it was first introduced to Europe in the 17^th century when the colonized Java, Indonesia which is Dutch introduced batik to part of the world.  

        

In Indonesia

       Differ than Indonesia believe where the word batik is come from the term “titik”, “a dot”, “point” or “drop” according to the wax dots that make up the pattern. The word itself has 3 distinct meanings. The first one is batik refers to the actual process of applying melted wax to cloth or other surface by hand and dyeing the cloth. The actual process of applying melted wax divided by three which batik tulis (writing), batik cap (chop), and batik kombinasi (combine). Next is it applies to finished the product itself which is a batik cloth and the last one it come to mean the batik patterns themselves.